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80186 Microprocessors: Introduction and Architecture

Hello friends, today we are going to discuss the 80186 microprocessor with integrated peripherals. The Intel 80186 is an improved version of the 8086 microprocessor. 80186 is a 16-bit microprocessor with a 16-bit data bus and a 20-bit address bus. It has a programmable peripheral device integrated into the same package. The instruction set of the 80186 is a superset of the instruction set of the 8086. The term super-set means that all of the 8086 instructions will execute properly on an 80186, but the 80186 has a few additional instructions. The following figure shows the block diagram and pin diagram of 80186. The CPU is divided into seven independent functional parts. 80186 internal block diagram  80186 68-pins pin diagram  Functional parts of 80186 Microprocessor The Bus Interface Unit (BIU) Execution Unit (EU) Clock Generator Programmable interrupt controller Programmable Chip Select Unit (CSU) Programmable DMA Unit Programmable counter/timers The Bus Interface Unit
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The Client-Server Model

Small computers (personal computers) have a much better price/performance ratio than large ones.

Mainframes are ten times faster than personal computers, but their cost is thousand times more. This imbalance has caused many system designers to build systems consisting of personal computers, one per user, with data kept on one or more shared machines called file server.

In this model, the users are called clients, and the whole arrangement is called the client-server model. In the client-server model, communication generally takes the form of a request message from the client to the server asking for some work to be done. The server then does the work and sends back the reply. There are many clients using a small number of servers.

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